Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Intangible Assets

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Intangible Assets
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets Intangible Assets
Our intangible assets include the following:
    September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
  Weighted
Average
Useful Lives		 Gross
Carrying
Value		 Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying
Value		 Gross
Carrying
Value		 Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying
Value
Indefinite life intangible assets:
              
FCC licenses Indefinite $ 2,084  $ —  $ 2,084  $ 2,084  $ —  $ 2,084 
Trademarks Indefinite 250  —  250  251  —  251 
Definite life intangible assets:              
OEM relationships 15 years 220  (101) 119  220  (90) 130 
Licensing agreements 12 years 45  (44) 1  45  (42) 3 
Software and technology 7 years 30  (16) 14  35  (25) 10 
Due to Pandora Acquisition:
Indefinite life intangible assets:
Trademarks Indefinite $ 331  $ —  $ 331  $ 331  $ —  $ 331 
Definite life intangible assets:
Customer relationships 8 years 403  (89) 314  403  (49) 354 
Software and technology 5 years 373  (126) 247  373  (69) 304 
Total intangible assets   $ 3,736  $ (376) $ 3,360  $ 3,742  $ (275) $ 3,467 

Indefinite Life Intangible Assets
We have identified our FCC licenses and XM and Pandora trademarks as indefinite life intangible assets after considering the expected use of the assets, the regulatory and economic environment within which they are used and the effects of obsolescence on their use.
We hold FCC licenses to operate our satellite digital audio radio service and provide ancillary services. Each of the FCC licenses authorizes us to use radio spectrum, a reusable resource that does not deplete or exhaust over time.
Our annual impairment assessment of our identifiable indefinite lived intangible assets is performed as of the fourth quarter of each year. An assessment is performed at other times if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying value. If the carrying value of the intangible assets exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized an impairment loss of less than $1 for intangible assets with indefinite lives related to the termination of the Automatic service. No impairment loss was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, there were no other indicators of impairment. No impairment loss was recognized for intangible assets with indefinite lives during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Definite Life Intangible Assets
Amortization expense for all definite life intangible assets was $37 and $38 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $113 and $103 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. There were retirements of definite lived intangible assets of $17, which included a loss of $4, due to the termination of the Automatic service, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. As part of the Simplecast acquisition, $12 was allocated to identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization and related to the assessed fair value of software and technology, which was determined by using the multi-period excess earnings method, as of the acquisition date.
The expected amortization expense for each of the fiscal years 2020 through 2024 and for periods thereafter is as follows:
Years ending December 31, Amount
2020 (remaining) $ 37 
2021 146 
2022 146 
2023 136 
2024 70 
Thereafter 160 
Total definite life intangible assets, net $ 695