Income Taxes |
9 Months Ended |
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Sep. 30, 2022 | |
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Income Taxes | Income Taxes We have historically filed a consolidated federal income tax return for all of our wholly owned subsidiaries, including Sirius XM and Pandora. On February 1, 2021, we entered into a tax sharing agreement with Liberty Media governing the allocation of consolidated U.S. income tax liabilities and setting forth agreements with respect to other tax matters. The tax sharing agreement contains provisions that we believe are customary for tax sharing agreements between members of a consolidated group. On November 3, 2021, Liberty Media informed us that it beneficially owned over 80% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; as a result of this, we were included in the consolidated tax return of Liberty Media beginning November 4, 2021. The tax sharing agreement and our inclusion in Liberty Media’s consolidated tax group is not expected to have any material adverse effect on us.
We have calculated the provision for income taxes by using a separate return method. Any payment made to Liberty Media, pursuant to the tax sharing agreement, shall be treated as a capital contribution or a distribution. Income tax expense was $110 and $90 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $307 and $157 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, we recorded $22 as a capital contribution related to the tax sharing agreement with Liberty Media, of which $8 has been paid and the balance is recorded within Related party current assets on our unaudited consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2022.
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was 30.8% and 20.8%, respectively. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was 26.6% and 13.6%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was negatively impacted as a result of the expected expiration of certain state and local net operating losses, partially offset by the recognition of excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily impacted by the recognition of excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily impacted by a $95 benefit associated with a state tax audit settlement and the recognition of excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation. We estimate our effective tax rate for the year ending December 31, 2022 will be approximately 26%.
As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had a valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets of $110 and $83, respectively, that were not likely to be realized due to the timing of certain federal and state net operating loss limitations.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, or IRA, was signed into law. Among other things, the IRA imposes a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022, levies a 1% excise tax on net stock repurchases after December 31, 2022, and provides tax incentives to promote clean energy. At present, we have a share repurchase program. Beginning in 2023, our net stock repurchases will be subject to the excise tax. Based on the historical net repurchase activity, the excise tax and the other provisions of the IRA are not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations or financial position.
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